Asia Pacific Youth IGF 2022 Recruitment

NetMission Ambassador

What is yIGF?

Organized and facilitated by NetMission.Asia, the Youth IGF occurs in conjunction with the Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF) annually, to raise awareness and build the capacity for youth to join the Internet governance discussions. Based on the mandate of IGF to bring people together from various stakeholder groups as equals, YIGF provides an open platform for the young generation to express and interchange their ideas and own thoughts on internet governance freely.

This year, yIGF will be held as a 2-day meeting with a hybrid format and co-locate physically along with APrIGF 2022 in Singapore. Participants will be engaged in discussing hot issues related to Internet governance with other young talents from the region and experienced speakers from the IG community. More information about past youth IGF could be found at https://nma.asia/yigf.

Objectives

  • Build the capacity of young adults to participate in internet governance discussions.
  • Encourage youth to attend and bring contribution to actual internet governance discussion.
  • Provide a platform for cultivating ideas to drive social change and further actualizing the initiative for a healthy and harmonious internet.
  • Develop a youth network on internet governance.
Date: 10-11 Sep 2022 (01:00-07:00 UTC Time)
Location: Singapore/ Online
Theme: Youth@Crossroads: Trusting in a Common Future With No One Left Behind 

Eligibility: 
1) Undergraduate or Graduate students in tertiary education in the Asia Pacific; or
2) Young professionals who are based or come from the Asia Pacific region;
3) Internet Governance events’ alumni or fellows in the Asia Pacific region.
*Remote participants & applicants from Singapore should be aged between 18 and 30. Regional participants that require accommodation support must be aged between 21 and 30.

Application Deadline: 26 June 2022 (Sunday) 23:59 UTC
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>> Scroll down for more program details <<

Program Agenda

Day 1 
01:00-01:20 UTC(20 mins)Introduction of yIGF 2021
01:20-01:30 UTC(10 mins)Ice-breaking 
01:30-02:00 UTC(30 mins)Basics of Internet governance & multi-stakeholder participation
02:00-02:10 UTC(10 mins)Coffee break
02:10-03:10 UTC(60 mins)Meetup with industry experts: Topic 1
03:10-03:40 UTC(30 mins)Workshop: idea wall
03:40-03:50 UTC(10 mins)Summary – morning session
03:50-04:50 UTC
(60 mins)		Lunch break
04:50-05:05 UTC(15 mins)Meetup with our supporting organizations – DotAsia
05:05-06:05 UTC
(10 mins)		Panel discussion: Topic 2
06:05-06:15 UTC(10 mins)Coffee break
06:15-06:45 UTC(30 mins)Preparation of youth policy statement 
06:45-07:00 UTC(15 mins)Wrap up
Day 2
01:00-01:10 UTC(10 mins)Ice-breaking
01:10-01:50 UTC(40 mins)Introduction of APrIGF 2022 and Synthesis document
01:50-02:50 UTC(60 mins)APAC Youth Leaders Dialogue
02:50-03:00 UTC(10 mins)Coffee break
03:00-03:30 UTC(30 mins)Youth policy statement presentation & program summary
03:30-04:00 UTC(30 mins)Takeaway & way-forward
04:00-05:00 UTC(60 mins)Lunch break
05:00-07:00 UTC(120 mins)APrIGF Day 0

Core Elements of yIGF

The yIGF is a platform for youth across the Asia-Pacific region to voice their opinions on Internet Governance. To empower youth with relevant knowledge and capacity to participate in Internet governance discourse, we feature the following elements at our event this year:

Roundtable discussion
All youth participants will be given the opportunity to explore hot topics, such as how the ramification of Internet hardware impacts geopolitics and what cryptocurrency is doing to our planet, with industry experts and young talents from the Asia Pacific.
The session aims to let participants deepen their understanding of issues that happen and actually affect their daily lives, and suggest possible solutions from a youth perspective. This session also aims to get participants ready for their participation in the Asia Pacific Region Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF) 2022.
Meetup with industry experts
The policymaking process of the Internet governance world heavily depends on the multistakeholder participation model. To get our participants to better understand the ecosystem in our IG community, The policymaking process of the Internet governance world heavily depends on the multistakeholder participation model. To get our participants to better understand the ecosystem in our IG community, participants will be given the opportunity to meet with industry experts from different stakeholder groups, including government, civil society, technical community, academia, etc. This session aims to help participants to get a better idea of what and how different stakeholders deal with a particular issue during the policy-making process.
APAC youth leaders dialogue
In this session, youth leaders and representatives of different youth initiatives or Youth Internet Governance Forum (YIGF) from the Asia Pacific region will be gathered. It aims to facilitate a consistent conversation among the youth community in the region and keep the younger generation in the community informed about the Internet governance discourse that is going on in the region.
Youth policy statement & presentation
Throughout the 2-day event, participants will be given chances to interact with industry experts and youth leaders from all around the world. Participants will form groups to do their group presentations by the end of the virtual camp, in order to bring out their opinions and possible policy suggestions on the overarching theme of yIGF.

The ideas, examples, policies, or solutions suggested by participants through the roundtable discussion and their presentations will be recorded to establish a Youth Policy Statement in the Report of yIGF 2021, which will be submitted to and published on the official site of the Internet Governance Forum by the United Nations. The output of yIGF 2022 will also be referred to as the input for the Synthesis Document of APrIGF 2022.

*Should you have any inquiries, please feel free to send your message to info@netmission.asia.

HKyIGF 2021

NetMission Ambassador

Hong Kong Youth Internet Governance Forum 2021

On 22 December 2021, our NetMission Ambassadors hosted a virtual Hong Kong Youth Internet Governance Forum (HKyIGF) online. In the midst of the continuous global pandemic, our physical mobility has been held off, though other issues in cyberspace continue.

This year, HKyIGF was held as a 2-hour virtual meeting with the theme of Reimagine the future of our Internet. This webinar featured a series of sharing or workshops by our honorable speakers, and a panel discussion on the topic of Netizen’s reaction to the global outage: Problems behind big tech monopoly.

The Internet has become a part of our lives since we can practically find and do anything on the Internet nowadays. In the past two years, the Internet has become the primary means we rely on to maintain the daily tasks of our lives. While technology and the Internet have encouraged more digital activities, concerns over fraud, cybercrime, security, and privacy are rising.

In the forum, we explored the future of our Internet together with our invited speakers of different stakeholder groups and academic backgrounds in the context of the ongoing pandemic.

This year, we emphasized the information and knowledge offered by the guests at the workshops and panels. The topics of the sessions ranged from sustainability to the future of education. We have invited Jenna Fung (Program coordinator of Asia Pacific Youth IGF) to deliver an introduction to Internet governance; Edward Choi (Head of Research and Advocacy of V’air Hong Kong) to share their experiences in achieving sustainability through green tourism in Hong Kong; Clive Lee and Samuel Lau from Phoenix Foundation to share their practice in nurturing positive Internet behaviors and mentality of students; Christine Or (Project Manager of DotAsia Organisation) to demonstrate their findings on the impact of digitalization on climate change through their pilot research practice — EcoInternet Pilot Study Report 2021. Guest speakers demonstrated the practices of their specialty and illustrate the possibility of the future of the Internet with us.

To make our event more accessible to young people of our region without time-bounced limitations, we eliminated real-time interaction as one of the major event elements. We tried to make our content informative and timeless in terms of the channel and format we adapted to illustrate and demonstrate our ideas and best practices. Our webinar was streaming on Facebook, up until April 1st, 2022, the recordings have reached 489 people, 35 post clicks, 12 likes and/or reactions, 5 shares, and a total of 47 engagements were made.

The panel discussion of this year was mainly about the global outage of the giant social network — Facebook and its subsidiaries, including Messenger, Instagram, WhatsApp, etc., the problems of big tech monopoly. We have invited Aris Ignacio (Dean of College of Information Technology at Southville International School and Colleges), Jaewon Son (Doctoral Researcher at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), Svaradiva A. Devi (APNIC48 fellow), and Maryam Lee (Strategic Program Manager of The IO Foundation).

The recording and report for HKyIGF 2021 are now available on our website. You may access the recordings of the event at https://nma.asia/hkyigf2021-recordings and the report at https://nma.asia/hkyigf2021-report.

NetMission Ambassador 

NET (Networking Opportunity, Empowering Youth, Talent Development) is a model to achieve the mission of youth empowerment in internet governance, ambassadors who have received year-round training and gained oversee conference experience will form a working group to work on community projects like HKYIGF, yIGF, APIGA. We hope these kinds of community works can raise public awareness of what is internet governance.

If you are interested in youth engagement in Internet Governance, please kindly visit our training materials.

For more event photos and videos, please visit NetMission Facebook page and NetMission Instagram profile.

Asia Pacific Youth IGF 2021 Virtual Camp

NetMission Ambassador

Asia Pacific Youth IGF 2021 was held in conjunction with the Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF) from 17 to 20 September 2021 this year. NetMission.Asia organized and facilitated the event to raise awareness and build the capacity for youth to join the Internet governance discussions. Based on the mandate of IGF to bring people together from various stakeholder groups as equals, YIGF provides an open platform for the young generation to express and interchange their ideas and own thoughts on internet governance freely.

The yIGF is usually a 4-days-3-nights camp in which participants are assigned a role as one of the interest groups such as government, private sectors, and civil society organizations. During the camp, they are encouraged to think from a new standpoint and different perspectives. It also serves as a preparation camp for them to understand various internet issues via interactive activities & games as well as further directly participating in the local and global internet policy discussion platform.

This year, yIGF will be held as a 4-day virtual meeting with a series of virtual social meetups during the event week of yIGF 2021 and APrIGF 2021. Participants will be engaged in discussing hot issues related to Internet governance with other young talents from the region and experienced speakers from the IG community.

In this report, you will find out more about the input from participants at yIGF 2021. We hope to include opinions and suggestions from youth in the Asia Pacific region on a particular topic, in order to encourage more active participation and to allow the Internet governance community to project voice and views from the youth as contributions to the discussion at the regional and global Internet governance forums.


Highlights of yIGF 2021

This year, we have received 135 registration. Applicants of this year came from 19 territories in the Asia Pacific, namely Australia (1), Bangladesh (4), Brunei (1), Cambodia (1), China (1), Fiji (1), India (5), Malaysia (2), Myanmar (4), Nepal (4), Papua New Guinea (1), The Philippines (9), Pakistan (10), Russia (2), Sri Lanka (3), Taiwan (6), Thailand (3), Timor-Leste (1), and Vietnam (76).

According to our record, more than 70% of the applicants come from the Southeast Asia region. Followed by nearly 20% from Southern Asia. The rest is made up of around 5.2% from East Asia, 1.5% from Northern Asia, and 2.2% from the Pacific.

After the 4-day event, 83 youth participants have successfully completed the program by attending all sessions at the yIGF 2021. The overall attendance rate is over 78% with the highest attendance rate of more than 90% on Day 0. There were 56 females, 25 males, and 2 non-binary. Below is the chart that shows the regional diversity of participants who completed the 4-day program.

The Asia Pacific YIGF 2021 emphasized innovation, collaboration, and engagement this year. In this 4-day event, we held 2 discussion panels and 2 collaborative sessions with 21 guest speakers invited, in order to help bridge the YIGF participants with community members and MSG members of the Asia Pacific Regional Internet Governance Forum (APrIGF). Additionally, by launching sessions with multilingual speakers and facilitators and interactive games in the sessions, we have encouraged higher attendance at yIGF and active participation at APrIGF.

yIGF 2021 Outcomes 

This year, we have contributed additional efforts in putting together the inputs from our youth participants into “actual work”. In our report, you may find records or a summary of our discussions, which includes our suggestions and opinions on different topics and areas around the major theme of yIGF 2021. We have included outputs from 4 sessions held at our virtual event, namely (1) records of idea Wall on Day 1, (2) summary on Day 0 – Meetup with industry experts, (3) summary and youth statement on topic 1 and 2, and (4) summary on dialogue with youth leaders.

This year we managed to cover topics suggested by youth from our regions, including:

  1. Consumers’ reliance on Internet & technology: Living the new normal
  2. Ramifications of Internet hardware on geopolitics and the environment
  3. Is Cryptocurrency harming our planet?

It was our pleasure to be able to have invited honorable guest speakers from APrIGF MSG and community members from the Asia Pacific region. Without the participation of our community, our event won’t be able to be held with great success in such a critical time of the century.

For the report of yIGF 2021 Virtual Camp, you may click here to find out more.

NetMission Ambassador 

NET (Networking Opportunity, Empowering Youth, Talent Development) is a model to achieve the mission of youth empowerment in internet governance, ambassadors who have received year-round training and gained oversee conference experience will form a working group to work on community projects like HKYIGF, yIGF, APIGA. We hope these kinds of community works can raise public awareness of what is internet governance.

If you are interested in youth engagement in Internet Governance, please kindly visit our training materials.

NetMission Academy 2022: Training 7 Summary ICANN Policies

NetMission Ambassador

Written by Bea Guevarra (Edited by Jenna Fung)

The final session of NetMission Academy 2022 has focused on ICANN policies on February 24, 2022. The moderator, Bea Guevarra, briefed the ambassadors on the session’s flow, which was considerably different from prior sessions, in that it required them to split into two breakout rooms twice.

In this training session, the presentation on the topic was explained by the NetMission Buddies,  Bea Guevarra and Amogh PC. The first part of the presentation was delivered by Bea Guevarra. She started off the presentation by giving a brief introduction on what ICANN is and elaborated on how ICANN works. She explains that ICANN follows the multistakeholder model, and how ICANN is made up of three parts: ICANN Community, ICANN Board, and ICANN Organization. After that, she introduced the background of ICANN policy development and the advice community, consisting of the Supporting Organizations(SOs) and Advisory Committees(ACs). While the session only focused only on three major groups, i.e. GNSO, ALAC, and GAC. She briefly explained the functions of each stakeholder group and what kind of members are involved in these three organizations. Bea then elaborates the structure of the GNSO Council and how relevant it is to the issue of DNS Abuse. Finally, she ends her part of the presentation with an image of the GNSO Development Process(PDP).

The second part of the presentation was delivered by Amogh PC. He gave an example by comparing phone numbers country codes and mailbox codes with what the Internet uses to sort everyone out which is by IP addresses. He explains that all the communication that happens on the internet via an IP Address happens because of the Domain Name System (DNS) and explains the process of turning IP Addresses into Domain Names. He then introduced a brief history of how the Internet worked before DNS came into existence. Shortly after, Amogh, shares how the Domain Naming Hierarchy and the Hierarchical Administration works. He shares that domain names can be broken down into remarkably 128 levels and the Top-level domain is the highest level of the hierarchical domain name system structure. He continues to explain the different kinds of TLDs, such as gTLDs, ccTLDs, IDN TLDs, etc. Lastly, Amogh discusses the objection and dispute resolution and the grounds for filing an objection. The presentation was then closed by an example with the dispute between the Amazon countries and Amazon Inc.

Following the presentation, the ambassadors were introduced to three guest speakers who shared their thoughts and expertise on ICANN Policies: Mary Wong, Maarten Botterman, and Satish Babu, with Sabrina Lim making a special appearance.

Mary Wong started off by setting the direction for preparing and familiarizing the attendees for ICANN73. She explains that the GNSO completed three major policy efforts in the last few years. She further explained the registry and registrars and the issues on personal information privacy were also addressed and how this will be one of the topics to be shared in ICANN73, on standardizing access and disclosure of personal data. The second topic Mary shares briefly is the review of Trademark related Rights Protection Mechanism which was developed for the 2012 New gTLD Program. She says that GNSO is going to kick off the second phase of this trademark effort in the coming months or next year. Lastly, she focuses on the topic related to the session, the new gTLD procedures, and the policy process. Many members from the ICANN community created 90 recommendations with an implementation plan on how we should adopt the next round of the new gTLD program.

Our next speaker, Maarten Botterman, states that “… the Internet does matter, thus helps the world… if the Internet works that’s a bonus and that will help us address issues and that’s why we are engaged.” Maarten mentioned it was 10 years since the start of the new gTLD program. He states that this program is still ongoing but says the next round of applications does not focus on the number of domain names but more emphasis on domain names that will serve and connect with people. He shares more information on how the ICANN board continues to facilitate domain names for serving the world as well as respecting privacy and that the ICANN board will focus from policy recommendation to implementation. On his final note, Maarten shared tips on getting more involved in ICANN. Maarten suggested by joining particular sessions the attendees are interested in as well as plenary sessions in the coming virtual ICANN session.

Lastly, the floor was passed to Satish Babu, he briefly discussed the At-Large community and states that DNS abuse is a significant problem to the end-users of the Internet. He emphasizes how more and more IDN TLDs are appearing that there are bound to be more risks and there should be better control before increasing the number of TLDs. He shares that ALAC believes that there should be a data-driven approach to DNS Abuse. As well as the possibility of new tools such as A.I. that can help manage domain restoration. He continues to address that At-Large states that “we should continue to manage and mitigate the DNS Abuse before ensuring the next round of new TLDs.”

Following up with this session, the attendees were divided into three groups with 1 respective guest speaker. The attendees had to switch on their creative hats to think of new gTLDs they would like to see be made in the future. In group number 1, Satish explained to the group that when applying for a domain name, one must first think of the many questions like: “Why am I creating this?”,  “Who am I making this for?”, etc. He said that the best domain names are made when they identify a group like for a city, names of communities, name of institutions, anything that applies to a common group of people. For group 2, there was one question that sparked conversation, which was “Can we use numerical numbers for gTLD?”. Because banks use numerical numbers for bank accounts, Maarten responded that it could be skewed and mixed with the security numbers of the banks. Edmon also stated that digits and “-” are not allowed in the Top Level Domain name because they can cause IP address confusion. However, it is possible to use it in the second and third-level domains. In the discussion, Sabrina also noted that a TLD can only have a maximum of 63 characters. As for group 3, Mary shared that when creating a new gTLD it should be something one is passionate about. Time, cost, and financial investment in applying a new gTLD application are high, so a new gTLD should be something worth time and money. She also shared that an application fee is submitted to ICANN for the new gTLD application to establish a trusted piece to DNS. 


Once the breakout group discussion came to a close, each group shared the many gTLDs they proposed. However, due to a lack of time, our guest speakers had to drop out of the call in order to prepare for ICANN73. They all expressed their gratitude for seeing the youth become more involved in shaping the internet’s future. They also expressed their support to see the ambassadors at ICANN73 this year.


The training session closed with each group having to only choose 1 gTLD that they would most likely propose and why they chose that specific gTLD. Group 1 selected .gamer, Group 2 chose .meta, while Group 3 chose .genz. As the session came to a close, Jenna shared with the group how they can prepare for and attend ICANN73.

NetMission Academy 2022: Training 6 Summary – Diversity & Sustainability in Internet Governance

NetMission Ambassador

Written by Dziadatul Raudhah and Tahmina Akter Supti

On 17th February 2022,  a session about diversity and sustainability in Internet Governance was held online. The session first began with a presentation on the topic delivered by working group 3. The group briefly explained diversity and sustainability and the relevant case study about digital cooperation in IGF and diversity in Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). 

The presenters, Dalili Nuradli, began by explaining the role of IGF, which is to bring people together from various stakeholder groups as equals to discuss public policy concerning Internet and how the Multistakeholder Advisory Group(MAG) that advise on the programme and schedule of IGF annual meetings or intersessional activities consists of 40 members from governments, the private sector, civil society, academic and technical communities, from all five UN regional groups (Africa, Asia-Pacific, Eastern Europe, GRULAC, WEOG). 

This is an example of diversity in IGF. She then stated in July 2018, the UN Secretary-General appointed a high-level panel to consider the issue of digital cooperation. Digital cooperation is defined as ways in working together to address the social, ethical, legal and economic impact of digital technologies that maximise benefits and minimise harm. In the June 2019 report, the panel highlighted the need for strengthened digital cooperation to address challenges and provide opportunities for all, and outlined three possible architectures/models for such cooperation. One of the models created is IGF+.

In June 2020, the Secretary-General published a roadmap for digital cooperation, building on the Panel’s report. She also explained about the several measures to make IGF more responsive and relevant to current digital issues.

The presenter then explained the diversity practice of the IETF. IETF is a large open international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. The technical work of the IETF is done in its working groups, which are organised by topic into several areas – routing, transport, security.The IETF areas are managed by Area Directors, or ADs. The ADs are members of the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Some of the participating countries USA, Japan, Germany, Canada, Sweden, India, Italy, Australia and many others that contributed to IETF yearly drafted Request for Comments (RFC) which is the result of committee drafting a subsequent review by interested parties.All of these shows evidence of diversity in IETF that consists of representatives from different countries and backgrounds.

The second part of the presentation was delivered by Stella Anne Ming Hui Teoh. She talked about sustainability in Internet governance and related it to the case study, which is sustainability in Mozilla, Google and the European Union(EU).

She went on explaining about the climate commitments done by Mozilla for sustainability purposes. They are carbon neutral commitment,reduction of GHG footprint year over year,  and aiming to exceed, the net zero emissions commitment of the Paris Climate Agreement,open leadership by sharing materials, tools, and methodologies, and also exploring approaches to develop, design, and improve products from a sustainability perspective, including seeking collaborations to further amplify impact.

Then she stated about some sustainability efforts done by Google,which are through Google Energy LCC, carbon intelligent computing,circular economy and water positive.

Lastly, she illustrated EU digital rights and principles for sustainable development. It is basically a set of principles for a human-centred digital transformation. This European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles would be a reference framework for people, and a guide for businesses and policy-makers. It is compulsory for the Green Transition and it  includes several aims which are secure online space, the right to learn digital skills, and protection for children online.

After the group presentation, the guest speakers shared their thoughts and opinions on the matter. The first speaker, Maureen Hilyard, talked about the representation of ICANN, Dynamic Coalition (SDS), and Domain Name System (DNS) Abuse Institute that aim to provide a system whereby people can report DNS Abuse such as phishing, hacking websites and others. 

The second speaker, Constance Bommelaer de Leusse touched on the definition of governance of the Internet, which can be wide or narrow,depending on the diversity of the stakeholders, which represent different interests. She also relates Internet governance to the sustainable development goals (2015), where it could have an impact on the economy and society overall. More information can be referred to https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/sdg/.

The last speaker,Emilia Zalewska, talked about the value of the Internet for vulnerable groups, the lack of awareness about the existence of IGF and understanding about the role of IG, as well as challenges for newcomers. She highly encouraged youth participation in Internet Governance as it will bring benefits to them as well to the better governance of the Internet. 

The session proceeded with breakout group discussion, where the attendees were divided into two groups to discuss the following policy questions:

1. How can diversity in Internet Governance bodies contribute to a better governance of the Internet?

2. How can the diversity in IGF and IETF be promoted and increased?

3. Are the current sustainability initiatives in Internet Governance from Big Tech companies enough?

4. How can Internet Governance contribute to sustainable futures?

5. Are sustainability and diversity related? If so, how and why?

The first breakout group discussion was facilitated by Omar Qayyum Hamdan, and joined by the speaker and guest, Maureen Hilyard and Edmon Chung.

Prior to the first question, Maureen stated that diversity in Internet governance bodies contribute to a better governance of the Internet,especially with the development and application by governments, the private sector, and civil society, in their respective roles, of shared principles, norms, rules, decision-making procedures, and programs that shape the evolution and use of the Internet.Furthermore, IGF is a very technical organisation, it’s a people organisation. Regarding the third question,Daria stated the current sustainability initiatives in Internet governance from Big Tech companies are enough like Google and other companies take 60-70% initiatives with financial gain.They are doing some projects but they focus on money not the environment or others. As for the fourth question,Edmon stated IG can have sufficient power to sustain the Internet, IGF is more technical.  The ICAN has its diversity difference ,  the internet can remain a great motor for the future of humankind and its social and economic development. Dalili added that people should know how the internet impacts on them and people are involved,  and how their doing is impacted.

The second breakout group discussion was facilitated by Stella Anne Ming Hui Teoh, and joined by speakers Constance Bommelaer de Leusse and Emilia Zalewska.

Prior to the first question,Emilia stated that without diversity in Internet governance,there will be a very narrow perspective because people from different backgrounds have different views.Luke stated diversity can make Internet Governance more inclusive to everyone because people can join regardless of any background. Regarding to the second question,

Constance stated that Europe is very fond of regulations(GDPR). Digital service act,digital market act was set up for privacy protection. These regulations were applied by other countries also and it showed a sense of leadership. Constance stated that money is the main thing to promote opportunities for people to join capacity building activity related to the Internet and increasing diversity. Meanwhile,Emilia suggests finding out more about Internet-related events and opportunities through websites and contacting local companies.

In response to the third question, Emilia stated that Big Tech companies are still not into the sustainability efforts, although there are events and programs held, but not so much actions were taken. It is the consumer’s responsibility also because without the consumer, the company wouldn’t sell the product. Constance added that many consumers and citizens participated in sustainability efforts by tech companies, but not to be too optimistic.

The session was wrapped up with final thoughts from the speakers. Emilia concluded that people should look out for capacity building and learning programs that allow them to explore IGF even more to build up skills.Constance stated that different generations’ perspectives are actually surprising and sometimes challenging. Maureen stated about the fellowships in ICANN and expressed her gratitude to DotAsia that brings youth together for Internet governance learning purposes.